--- title: Any framework (manual) description: Implement Dualmark from scratch in any framework using @dualmark/core. --- `@dualmark/core` is framework-agnostic -- works in any runtime that has the standard `Request`/`Response` (Cloudflare, Bun, Deno, Node 18+, browsers). ## Minimal handler ```ts import { negotiateFormat, detectAIBot, markdownResponse } from "@dualmark/core"; export async function handle(request: Request): Promise { const accept = request.headers.get("accept") ?? ""; const ua = request.headers.get("user-agent") ?? ""; const bot = detectAIBot(ua); const fmt = negotiateFormat(accept); if (fmt === null && accept) { return new Response("Not Acceptable", { status: 406, headers: { Vary: "Accept" } }); } if (bot.isBot || fmt === "markdown") { return markdownResponse("# Hello\n\nThis is the markdown twin.", { cacheControl: "public, max-age=3600", }); } const html = "Hello"; const md = "/hello.md"; return new Response(html, { headers: { "Content-Type": "text/html; charset=utf-8", Link: `<${md}>; rel="alternate"; type="text/markdown"`, Vary: "Accept", }, }); } ``` ## Implementing in another language The [AEO Spec](/docs/spec/overview) is the source of truth. Any server in any language can be a conformant Dualmark implementation: 1. Read [content-negotiation](/docs/spec/content-negotiation) for the negotiation algorithm 2. Use the [headers](/docs/spec/headers) contract to build markdown responses 3. Detect bots via the UA patterns in [ai-bot-detection](/docs/spec/ai-bot-detection) 4. Provide [discovery](/docs/spec/discovery) signals (`Link rel=alternate`, `llms.txt`, `.md` URLs) 5. Run [`dualmark verify`](/docs/conformance/cli) against your implementation